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| Dositheus and the Dositheans |
 Dositheus, a Jew with an austere godliness, gathered followers to whom the name of Dositheans was given. They lived at the time of Jesus Christ and adopted the same practices the Essenes did.
They claimed to be the disciples of John the Baptist whom they considered the Messiah. They ate only the fruits of the earth and lived in caves and grottos.
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 Dositheus denied the resurrection of the body, the future destruction of the world, the last judgement, the existence of angels, and refused to acknowledge demons other than the pagan idols.
The Essenes mixed with the Dositheans.
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